Society, Law & Administration in Ancient India UPSC PYQ

With reference to the history of ancient India, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1. Mitakshara was the civil law for upper castes and Dayabhaga was the civil law for lower castes.
2. In the Mitakshara system, the sons can claim right to the property during the lifetime of the father, whereas in the Dayabhaga system, it is only after the death of the father that the sons can claim right to the property.
3. The Mitakshara system deals with the matters related to the property held by male members only of a family, whereas the Dayabhaga system deals with the matters related to the property held by both male and female members of a family.

1. A1 and 2
2. B2 only
3. C1 and 3
4. D3 only

With reference to the history of India, the terms 'Kuliyavapa' and 'Dronavapa' denote

1. Ameasurement of land
2. Bcoins of different monetary values
3. Cclassification of urban land for revenue purposes
4. Dreligious grants

One consistent feature found in the history of southern India was the growth of small regional kingdoms rather than large empires because of

1. Athe absence of minerals like iron
2. Btoo many divisions in the social structure
3. Cthe absence of vast areas of fertile land
4. Dthe scarcity of manpower

Assertion (A): The origin of feudal system in ancient India can be traced to military campaigns.
Reason (R): There was considerable expansion of the feudal system during the Gupta period.

1. ABoth A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A
2. BBoth A and R are true, but R is not a correct explanation of A
3. CA is true, but R is false
4. DA is false, but R is true