Science & Technology in Ancient India UPSC PYQ

The irrigation device called 'Araghatta' was

1. Aa water bag made of leather pulled over a pulley
2. Ba large wheel with earthen pots tied to the outer ends of its spokes
3. Ca larger earthen pot driven by bullocks
4. Da large water bucket pulled up by rope directly by hand

With reference to the scientific progress of ancient India, which of the statements given below are correct?
1. Different kinds of specialized surgical instruments were in common use by 1st century AD.
2. Transplant of internal organs in the human body had begun by the beginning of 3rd century AD.
3. The concept of sine of an angle was known in 5th century AD.
4. The concept of cyclic quadrilaterals was known in 7th century AD.

1. A1 and 2 only
2. B3 and 4 only
3. C1, 3 and 4 only
4. D1, 2, 3 and 4

What does Baudhayana theorem (Baudhayana Sulva Sutra) relate to?

1. ALengths of sides of a right-angled triangle
2. BCalculation of the value of pi
3. CLogarithmic calculations
4. DNormal distribution curve

Match List – I with List – II:
List – I (Finding/Invention/Calculation): A. Time taken by Earth to orbit Sun B. Calculation of value of 'pi' C. Invention of the digit zero D. The game of snakes and ladders
List – II (Ancient Indian Scholar): 1. Aryabhatta 2. Bhaskaracharya 3. Budhayana 4. Gyandev

1. AA-2, B-4, C-1, D-3
2. BA-2, B-3, C-1, D-4
3. CA-1, B-3, C-2, D-4
4. DA-1, B-4, C-2, D-3

Zero was invented by

1. AAryabhata
2. BVarahamihira
3. CBhaskara I
4. Dan unknown Indian