UPSC Prelims · Art & Culture PYQ
Traditions, Festivals & Calendars UPSC PYQ
Regional festivals, traditional practices, and calendar systems across Indian communities.
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1 2021
Consider the following statements:
1. St. Francis Xavier was one of the founding members of the Jesuit Order.
2. St. Francis Xavier died in Goa and a church is dedicated to him there.
3. The Feast of St. Francis Xavier is celebrated in Goa each year.
Which of the statements given above are correct?- A1 and 2 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1 and 3 only
- D1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer
Correct answer: C. 1 and 3 only
Explanation
St. Francis Xavier, a founding Jesuit, was key in spreading Christianity. He died in 1552 on Shangchuan Island, China (not Goa). His feast is celebrated on December 3 at the Basilica of Bom Jesus in Goa, where his relics are venerated.
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2 2018
Consider the following pairs:
Tradition : State
1. Chapchar Kut festival : Mizoram
2. Khongjom Parba Ballad : Manipur
3. Thang-Ta dance : Sikkim
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?- A1 only
- B1 and 2 only
- C3 only
- D2 and 3 only
Reveal answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2 only
Explanation
Chapchar Kut is a spring festival of the Mizo people in Mizoram. Khongjom Parba is a ballad singing tradition from Manipur. Thang-Ta is indeed a Manipuri martial art (not Sikkim). Only pairs 1 and 2 are correctly matched.
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3 2017
Consider the following pairs:
Traditions : Communities
1. Chaliha Sahib Festival : Sindhis
2. Nanda Raj Jaat Yatra : Gonds
3. Wari-Warkari : Santhals
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?- A1 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1 and 3 only
- DNone of the above
Reveal answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only
Explanation
Chaliha is a Sindhi festival dedicated to Jhulelal. Nanda Devi Raj Jaat Yatra is a festival of Garhwal and Kumaoni people in Uttarakhand. Wari Warkari (Pandharpur Wari) is a Maharashtrian festival.
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4 2018
Consider the following pairs: Craft — Heritage of
1. Puthukkuli shawls — Tamil Nadu
2. Sujni embroidery — Maharashtra
3. Uppada Jamdani saris — Karnataka
Which of the pairs given above is/are correct?- A1 only
- B1 and 2
- C3 only
- D2 and 3
Reveal answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only
Explanation
Puthukkuli shawls are a traditional craft of Tamil Nadu (Nilgiris). Sujni embroidery is actually associated with Bihar (not Maharashtra), and Uppada Jamdani saris are woven in Andhra Pradesh (not Karnataka), so only pair 1 is correctly matched.
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5 2016
With reference to the cultural history of India, the memorizing of chronicles, dynastic histories and epic tales was the profession of who of the following?
- AShramana
- BParivraajaka
- CAgrahaarika
- DMaagadha
Reveal answer
Correct answer: B. Parivraajaka
Explanation
The 'Magadha' (bards/genealogists) were traditionally responsible for memorising and reciting dynastic chronicles, genealogies, and epic tales at royal courts in ancient India.
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6 2015
Which of the following has/have been accorded 'Geographical Indication' status?
1. Banaras Brocades and Sarees
2. Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma
3. Tirupathi Laddu
Select the correct answer using the code given below.- A1 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1 and 3 only
- D1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer
Correct answer: C. 1 and 3 only
Explanation
Banaras Brocades and Sarees and Tirupathi Laddu have both been granted Geographical Indication (GI) status, while Rajasthani Daal-Bati-Churma, being a widely prepared dish rather than a geographically distinct product, has not received GI recognition.
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7 2014
Consider the following towns of India:
1. Bhadrachalam
2. Chanderi
3. Kancheepuram
4. Karnal
Which of the above are famous for the production of traditional sarees/fabric?- A1 and 2 only
- B2 and 3 only
- C1, 2 and 3
- D1, 3 and 4
Reveal answer
Correct answer: B. 2 and 3 only
Explanation
Chanderi (Madhya Pradesh) and Kancheepuram (Tamil Nadu) are both famous centres for traditional handwoven sarees, while Bhadrachalam and Karnal are not primarily known for saree/fabric production.
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8 2014
With reference to India’s culture and tradition, what is ‘Kalaripayattu’?
- AIt is an ancient Bhakti cult of Shaivism still prevalent in some parts of South India
- BIt is an ancient style bronze and brasswork still found in southern part of Coromandel area
- CIt is an ancient form of dance-drama and a living tradition in the northern part of Malabar
- DIt is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India
Reveal answer
Correct answer: D. It is an ancient martial art and a living tradition in some parts of South India
Explanation
Kalaripayattu is an ancient martial art form, still practised as a living tradition in parts of Kerala and other regions of South India.
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9 2009
Mahamasthakabhisheka, a great religious event, is associated with and done for who of the following?
- ABahubali
- BBuddha
- CMahavir
- DNataraja
Reveal answer
Correct answer: A. Bahubali
Explanation
Mahamasthakabhisheka is the grand head-anointing ceremony performed once every twelve years for the colossal Bahubali (Gomateshwara) statue at Shravanabelagola.
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10 2009
Consider the following pairs: Tradition — State
1. Gatka, a traditional martial art : Kerala
2. Madhubani, a traditional painting : Bihar
3. Singhye Khababs Sindhu Darshan Festival : Jammu and Kashmir
Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?- A1 and 2 only
- B3 only
- C2 and 3 only
- D1, 2 and 3
Reveal answer
Correct answer: C. 2 and 3 only
Explanation
Madhubani painting is correctly associated with Bihar, and the Sindhu Darshan Festival is correctly held in Jammu and Kashmir (Ladakh). However, Gatka, the traditional Sikh martial art, is associated with Punjab, not Kerala, so only pairs 2 and 3 are correctly matched.
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11 2006
Match List – I with List – II and select the correct answer using the code given below the lists:
List – I (Centre of Handicrafts)
A. Mon
B. Nalbari
C. Pasighat
D. Tura
List – II (State)
1. Arunachal Pradesh
2. Assam
3. Meghalaya
4. Nagaland
Code: A B C D- A4 2 1 3
- B4 3 2 1
- C1 3 4 2
- D1 2 4 3
Reveal answer
Correct answer: A. 4 2 1 3
Explanation
Mon is a handicrafts centre in Nagaland, Nalbari in Assam, Pasighat in Arunachal Pradesh, and Tura in Meghalaya — matching code A-4, B-2, C-1, D-3.
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12 2004
Consider the following statements:
1. The Islamic Calendar is twelve days shorter than the Gregorian Calendar
2. The Islamic Calendar began in AD 632
3. The Gregorian Calendar is a solar calendar
Which of these statements given above is/are correct?- A1 only
- B1 and 2
- C1 and 3
- D3 only
Reveal answer
Correct answer: D. 3 only
Explanation
The Islamic (Hijri) calendar, being lunar, is roughly eleven (not twelve) days shorter than the solar Gregorian calendar, and it began in 622 CE (not 632 CE) with the Hijra; the Gregorian calendar is correctly described as a solar calendar, making only statement 3 correct.
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13 2002
Chapchar Kut is a festival celebrated in the state of
- AArunachal Pradesh
- BAssam
- CMizoram
- DSikkim
Reveal answer
Correct answer: C. Mizoram
Explanation
Chapchar Kut, a spring festival marking the end of jungle-clearing (jhum cultivation) activities, is celebrated by the Mizo people of Mizoram.
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14 1996
Which one of the following temples figured in the news regarding the institution of the Devadasis?
- AJagannath temple, Puri
- BPasupatinath temple, Kathmandu
- CKandariya Mahadeva temple, Khajuraho
- DChausanth Yogini temple, Bheraghat
Reveal answer
Correct answer: A. Jagannath temple, Puri
Explanation
The Jagannath Temple at Puri figured prominently in historical accounts and news regarding the Devadasi system, where women (Maharis) were traditionally dedicated to temple service.