UPSC Prelims · Modern History PYQ
Champaran and Kheda Satyagrahas, Bardoli, tribal revolts, and the early trade union and labour movement in colonial India.
Includes
With reference to the history of India, "Ulgulan" or the Great Tumult is the description of which of the following events?
Correct answer: D. Birsa Munda's Revolt of 1899–1900
Explanation
'Ulgulan' ('The Great Tumult') refers to Birsa Munda's tribal uprising of 1899-1900 in the Chotanagpur region.
Consider the following pairs : Movement/ Leader Organization All India Anti- Mahatma Gandhi Untouchability League All India Kisan : Swami Sahajanand Sabha Saraswati Self-Respect : E,
V. Ramaswami Movement Naicker Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3
Explanation
All three pairings hold: the All India Anti-Untouchability League was associated with Gandhi, the All India Kisan Sabha with Swami Sahajanand Saraswati, and the Self-Respect Movement with E.V. Ramaswami Naicker (Periyar).
After the Santhal Uprising subsided, what was/were the measure/measures taken by the colonial government?
1. The territories called ‘Santhal Parganas’ were created.
2. It became illegal for a Santhal to transfer land to a non-Santhal.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
Correct answer: C. Both 1 and 2
Explanation
Following the Santhal Uprising of 1855-56, the colonial government carved out the separate Santhal Parganas district and restricted the transfer of Santhal land to outsiders, to reduce further exploitation.
Consider the following statements:
1. The Factories Act, 1881 was passed with a view to fix the wages of industrial workers and to allow the workers to form trade unions.
2. N. M. Lokhande was a pioneer in organizing the labour movement in British India.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Correct answer: B. 2 only
Explanation
The Factories Act of 1881 focused mainly on regulating child labour and working conditions rather than fixing wages or enabling trade unions, so statement 1 is incorrect; N.M. Lokhande genuinely was a pioneering early trade unionist, so statement 2 is correct.
The demand for the Tebhaga Peasant Movement in Bengal was for
Correct answer: A. the reduction of the share of the landlords from one-half of the crop to one-third
Explanation
The Tebhaga Movement (1946-47) in Bengal demanded that sharecroppers retain two-thirds of the harvest, leaving landlords only one-third instead of the customary half.
Which amongst the following provided a common factor for tribal insurrection in India in the 19th century ?
Correct answer: D. The complete disruption of the old agrarian order of the tribal communities
Explanation
Nineteenth-century tribal revolts were generally sparked by the erosion of the traditional tribal agrarian order — land alienation to outsiders, exploitative moneylenders, and new restrictions on forest use.
Who of the following founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association?
Correct answer: A. Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation
Gandhi founded the Ahmedabad Textile Labour Association ('Majoor Mahajan Sangh') in 1920, following his intervention in the mill workers' strike there.
Which one of the following revolts was made famous by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in his novel Anand Math?
Correct answer: D. Sanyasi rebellion
Explanation
Bankim Chandra Chatterjee's novel 'Anandamath' draws on the Sanyasi-Fakir Rebellion in late-18th-century Bengal.
Who among the following was not associated with the formation of U.P. Kisan Sabha in February 1918?
Correct answer: C. Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation
The UP Kisan Sabha, founded in February 1918 by Gauri Shankar Misra and Indra Narayan Dwivedi, predates Nehru's later involvement in the peasant movement.
Assertion (A): The effect of labour participation in the Indian nationalist upsurge of the early 1930s was weak. Reason (R): The labour leaders considered the ideology of Indian National Congress as bourgeois and reactionary.
Correct answer: A. Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
Explanation
Organised labour's participation in the nationalist upsurge of the early 1930s genuinely was limited, true; this was largely because many labour leaders, influenced by communist and socialist ideas, viewed the Congress-led movement as a bourgeois cause rather than one serving working-class interests, which correctly explains the weak participation.
Consider the following events:
I. Indigo Revolt
II. Santhal Rebellion
III. Deccan Riot
IV. Mutiny of the Sepoys The correct chronological sequence of these events is:
Correct answer: D. II, IV, I, III
Explanation
Chronologically: the Santhal Rebellion (1855), the Sepoy Mutiny (1857), the Indigo Revolt (1859-60), and the Deccan Riots (1875) fall in the sequence II, IV, I, III.
Match List I with List II and select the correct answer by using the codes given below the lists:
List I
I. Moplah revolt
II. Pabna revolt
III. Eka Movement
IV. Birsa Munda revolt
List II
A) Kerala
B) Bihar
C) Bengal
D) Awadh
Correct answer: A. I-A, II-C, III-D, IV-B
Explanation
The Moplah Revolt occurred in Kerala, the Pabna Revolt in Bengal, the Eka Movement in Awadh, and the Birsa Munda Revolt in Bihar — giving I-A, II-C, III-D, IV-B.
The Sarabandi (no tax) campaign of 1922 was led by
Correct answer: D. Vallabhbhai Patel
Explanation
The 'no-tax' (Sarabandi) campaign around Bardoli in 1922 was led by Vallabhbhai Patel, laying the groundwork for the more famous 1928 Bardoli Satyagraha.
87. The word Adivasi was used for the first time to refer to the tribal people by
Correct answer: B. Thakkar Bappa
Explanation
A.V. Thakkar, popularly known as 'Thakkar Bappa,' is credited with popularising the term 'Adivasi' for India's tribal communities.